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15. DAVID SHULMAN ON VAḶUVAR
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15. DAVID SHULMAN ON VAḶUVARThe linguistic evidence is, as usual critical. We do not see in this work the archaic features of the Tamiḻ of Saṅgam anthologies, and we do find elements, both lexical and morphological, that are first attested in the Pallava-Pāṅḍya period, or even later, including the...
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14. Kapilar
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14. KapilarG.U.Pope published Translations of over 72 Saṅgam poems of Puranāṉūru, and also translation of the text Purapporuḷ Veṇpā Mālai in Asiatic Quarterly Review, in Christava Siddhanta Deepika and Indian Antiquary Volumes. These were reprinted under the Tamil Herioc Poems by Saiva Siddh...
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13. G.U. POPE
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13. G.U. POPE 13.1. COLONIAL ATTEMPT TO CHRISTINAISE TIRUKKUṚAḶby R. NagaswamyPope was born in 14th April 1820, to a Scottish merchant. He was a born scholar, with his mind set on learning languages but embraced the profession of a Christian missionary whose life work was to convert people to sectr...
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12. LAZZARUS
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12. LAZZARUS 12.1. Rev. LAZZARUS on Tirukkuṟaḷ (1885)The want of a neat and accurate edition of the greatest ethical classic of South India has for a long time been felt by all lovers of the Tamiḻ Language and its literature. To meet this want, the Publisher now offers to the public a new edition of the K...
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11. Sunīti Kusumamālā
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11. Sunīti Kusumamālā — Chakrapani Aiyyarधर्मः१. ॥ ईश्वरस्तुतिः ॥अकारादीनि सर्वासां वर्णानां अक्षराणि वै ।य ईशः सर्वभूताद्यः तदादीदं जगत्किल ॥ १ ॥तत्वज्ञानविशिष्टात्मभुवः पुण्याङ्घ्रिसेवनम् ।न कुर्याद्यो वृथा तस्य सर्वविद्यापरिश्रमः ॥ २ ॥न कुर्याद्यो वृथा तस्य सर्वविद्यापरिश्रमः ॥ २ ॥ह...
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10. Jaina Origin of Tirukkuṟaḷ
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10. Jaina Origin of TirukkuṟaḷEver since the Kuṟaḷ was written, it served the Dharma Śāstra of the people who used Sanskrit. The conduct and the lifestyle of individual irrespective religion and sect of the people by the Dharma Śāstra which indeed ghryasūtras and the Brāhmins guided all sections i...
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9. The Dhammapada Brāhmaṇavaggo
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9. The Dhammapada Brāhmaṇavaggo — The Brāhmin Commentary by S. Radhakrishnan1. chinda sotaṁ parakkamma kāme panuda brāhmaṇasaṅkhārānaṁ ñatvā akataññū si brāhmaṇaO Brāhmin ,cut off the stream, be energetic, drive away desires. Knowing the destruction of all that is made (or the elements of exi...
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8. ALLEGED COIN OF TIRUVALLUVAR
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8. ALLEGED COIN OF TIRUVALLUVARThere is a gold coin accidentally discovered in a box at Calcutta depicting a sage on the coverage and a five pointed star on the reverse. Iravatham Mahadevan, published a note on this coin identifying the seated sage as Tiruvaḷḷuvar; further he also speculated it sho...
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7. PUTRA PRAPTI
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VOLUME - III 7. PUTRA PRAPTI Comparative Study of Tirukkuṟaḷand other Sanskrit Sourcesby Dr. Ramadevi SekharThe stages of life (āśramas) regulating man's life are four: student, householder, forest dweller, and renunciate (brahmacharya, gṛhasta, vānaprasta, and sanyāsa). They are all base...
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06 -KĀMATTUPPĀL
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VOLUME – III -KĀMATTUPPĀL6.1. Introduction by R. NagaswamyThere is an ignorant controversy about this third volume on Kāmattuppāl questioning whether it was written by Vaḷḷuvar? Secondly if he has been the author of the three, then why he did not write on Mokṣa? Thirdly, the language of the Kāmatt...
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5.1. Poruṭppāl -Introduction
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5.1. IntroductionWhile the volume Aṟatuppāl is mainly concerned with the personal life of man, the Poruṭppāl shows him the society. He would like to have security in life for himself, for his relatives, and others, for which he is ready to earn wealth and pay a portion of his earnings to the state...
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4.3.1. TĀPASA (Tavam) 4.3.2. SANYĀSA (Tuṟavu) 4.4.1. VIGHNAM ŪḺ (FATE)
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4.3.1. TĀPASA (Tavam) Thus the major division as tuṟavu, leads to tavam and renunciation all follow the Dharma Śāstra texts. The four Brahmacāri, Gṛhasta, Vānaprasta and Sanyāsa are the Āśramas discussed by Tiruvaḷḷuvar that fully attest the structure of the text as a Hindu text...
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4.2.1. GṚHASTA DHARMA (ILLAṞA-IYAL)
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4.2.1. GṚHASTA DHARMA (ILLAṞA-IYAL) இல்லறவியல்Ilvāḻkai — Gṛhasta Dharma consists of 1. Married life, 2. The joy of partnership, 3. Begetting children, 4. Affection, 5. Welcoming guests, 6. Sweetness in speech, 7. Cultivation of gratefulness, 8. Impartiality, 9. Modesty, 10. Observance...
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4.1.4. DHARMADEŚA அறன்வலியுருத்தல் EMPHASIZING THE ROLE OF DHARMA
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4.1.4. DHARMADEŚA அறன்வலியுருத்தல் EMPHASIZING THE ROLE OF DHARMAThe fourth chapter of Pāyiraviyal of Aṟattuppāl is titled “Emphasizing the role of Dharma”. As all the couplets emphasize Dharma, the title is quite appropriate. This is the fourth chapter in the Pāyiraviyal of Aṟattuppāl...
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4.1.3.OLUKAM — NĪTTĀR PERUMAI
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4.1.3.OLUKAM — NĪTTĀR PERUMAI The third chapter bears the title nīttār perumai, the greatness of Ascetics. It seems to me that it could be oḻukkam i.e., ācāra, those who follow disciplined observances, could be a better title. While dealing with Dharma, the Dharma Śāstra's deal with āc...
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4.1.2. Bhikṣa Vandanam (Vāṉciṟappu)
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4.1.2. Bhikṣa Vandanam (Vāṉciṟappu)After the chapter on Akṣarābhyasa (Vedic teaching begin) the qualities of teacher and the personal discipline of the student that are dealt within, we get a chapter on what is titled vāṉ-ciṟappu = greatness of rain.வானின் றுலகம் வழங்கி வருதலால்தானமிழ்த...
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4.1.1. Akṣarābhyāsa (kaṭavuḷ vāḻttu — analysis)
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4.1.1. Akṣarābhyāsa (kaṭavuḷ vāḻttu — analysis) அகர முதல எழுத்தெல்லாம் ஆதிபகவன் முதற்றே உலகு. — 1.1The first verse is:akara mutala eḻuttellām ātipakavan mutaṟṟe ulaku — 1.1As all letters have the letter “A” for their first so all world has the eternal God for its first. — Lazarus“A”, as its first...
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3. Introduction
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3. IntroductionWe have already seen that some Upaniṣadic passages are found integrated into the Puraṉānūṟu poems is the translations of Taittiriya Upaniṣad passage on "Annam". Similarly I have shown that Tolkāppiyam is influenced by Bharata's Nāṭyaśāstra specially poruḷ adhikāra...
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2. TIRUKKURAḶ OVERVIEW
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2. TIRUKKURAḶ OVERVIEW There is no gem in the whole field of Tamil literature more precious than Tirukkuṟaḷ by Tiruvaḷḷuvar written either before or after its composition. He is a master of Tamil language as reflected in his choice of words and their power to communicate in a striking manner. As...
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1. DHARMA ŚĀSTRAS1. DHARMA ŚĀSTRAS Manu has mentioned the country between the Eastern ocean and the Western ocean was c
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1. DHARMA ŚĀSTRASManu has mentioned the country between the Eastern ocean and the Western ocean was called Ārya Deśa and this could refer only to Tamil Nadu, Andhra and Karnataka (and also Kerala).After his preliminary description of explanations and Samskāras he gives the following subject...
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TIRUKKUṞAḶ An Abridgment of Śāstras - Contnents Intro
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TIRUKKUṞAḶ An Abridgment of Śāstras -R. NagaswamyTami Arts Academy & GIRI Traders, Chennai 2017Tirukkuṟaḷ, by Sage Tiruvaḷḷuvar is studied from a new revolutionary angle. Author citing extensively, from Sanskrit Dharma Śāstras, Artha Śāstra, Nāṭya Śāstra and Kāma Śāstra proves...
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