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14. Kapilar
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14. Kapilar

G.U.Pope published Translations of over 72 Saṅgam poems of Puranāṉūru, and also translation of the text Purapporuḷ Veṇpā Mālai in Asiatic Quarterly Review, in Christava Siddhanta Deepika and Indian Antiquary Volumes. These were reprinted under the Tamil Herioc Poems by Saiva Siddhanta Book Publication Society in the year 1978, it may be seen from these publications that Pope was fully aware of Saṅgam poets Kapilar is the greatest Poet who in his own Poem refers to himself as Antaṇar-Brāhmin. He was great friend of Pāri, who died fighting the battle, leaving his two daughters orphans Kapilar took these girls under his protection took them to some of the Kings and chieftains requesting them to marry the girls but most of them refused. Finally he took them to Malaiyamān of Thirukōilyūr who married them.There is a historic poem in the Puranāṉūru collection sung by Kapilar himself who introduces them to the Chieftain saying that Pāri belonged to the clan of Velur, who migrated to Tamiḻnādu from Dvarakam and that Pāri was the 49th descendent of that family, which was born from the sacrificial fire of Ayodhya. Kapilar was a Brāhmin friend of Pāri, after whose death he has adopted his two daughters of Pāri as his own daughters and that he is their father now.This moving poems was in Puranāṉūru collection but a historical event, which is mentioned thousand years later in Rājarāja's inscription in which Kapilar is mentioned and the whole episode of Pāri's daughters are narrated. Adds that after getting the daughters married to Malayamān, Kapilar immolated himself in fire at Thirukōiyulūr where the Rock on which he immolated himself is still there under the name of Kapilarkal. Kapilar always mentioned as the foremost Brāhmin Poet of the Saṅgam age, who has sung maximum number of Poems in the Saṅgam anthology. Kapilar and Paraṇar are always sung as leading poets of the Saṅgam age. Anyone who is even casually aware of Saṅgam anthology knows as a translator of Saṅgam Puram Poems, could not have been ignorant of Kapilar's lineage.

But we are enumerated that Pope purposely wanted to distort the life of Kapilar and him in his translation of Tirukkuṟaḷ as a Pariah, Kapilar of the Saṅgam age was a Brāhmaṇa is too well known.

Pope who translated nearly 72 poems of Puranāṉūru, did not give the poem mentioned above, where Kapilar himself says he was an Antaṇar. The omission of Kapilar's true history and calling him a Pariaḥ is a deliberate attempt by Pope to drive a wedge between the two communities and wear them Christianity was the main motif of Pope. Pope's introduction to Tirukkuṟaḷ is by his own admission who meant to portray an imaginary incidence and called for Christian, is condemnable, insincereable scholar and should be rejected as fiction and motivated.

“Pope himself has stated that, it would have been possible to illustrate, each chapter with parallels passages from Sanskrit authors. This I have done here and there, especially where it might seem that the author was translating as from manner for example it would sum that I have indicated it is not probable that Tiruvaḷḷuvar translated a sloka from Sanskrit (see his introduction p.iv)”.

It is clear evidence Pope has not ruled out a few translation from Sanskrit sources. If one could delete all Pope's writings on forced imaginary Christian contact, his study would remain still contribution to Kuṟaḷ studies.



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